چگونه از سرزمین حکمت Erowid به طلای سفیدRhodium رسیدم ؟

چگونه از سرزمین حکمت Erowid به طلای سفیدRhodium رسیدم  ؟
کمتر کسی است که به شیمی مواد دارویی و ساخت مواد مخدر علاقمند باشد و سایت رودیوم را نشناسد
در واقع سایت رودیم Rhodium آئینه ای برای سایت  زمین حکمت  Erowid و قسمت شیمی محض سایت  اروواید Erowid است.
ورود به سایت رودیوم کمی مشکل است و کمتر کسی است که بداند از کدامین لینک باید وارد سایت رودیوم Rhodium شود
در بدو ورود شما وارد  صفحه ای می شوید که پر از لینک های مختلف است  و در ابتدای آن لینک های مربوط  به ساخت ماده مخدر MDMA قرار دارد و در ادامه انواع لینک های مختلف برای ساخت مواد مخدری مثل متامفتامین (شیشه ) و یا ال اس دی و یا ترکیبات  هروئین مورفین کاتینون متکاتینون و هزاران هزار ماده مخدر مختلف  دیگر قرار دارد
البته  طریقه ساخت داروی های دیگر نیز مثل وایاگرا و یا داروهای خواب اور و مواد دارویی  نیز در رودیوم وجود دارد
البته اگر در علم شیمی تجربه یا تبحری ندارید  نمی توانید از  سایت رودیوم  بهره به برید زیرا تنها کسانی می توانند از سرزمین حکمت به طلای سفید رسیده و از این طلای سفید بهره به برند که به اندازه کافی ارزش این طلا و این علم را بدانند
لیست کامل لینک های سایت رودیوم

Orbitals are for mathematicians - Organic chemistry is for people who likes to cook! - Alexander Shulgin
When I was young I played with legos, but now I am older and I play with atoms - Synesthesia
There is more space between atoms, than there are atoms in the universe... - Zodiac Youth
The flask is your canvas and the periodic chart your palette - RatHead

MDMA / MDA

• Comprehensive Safrole FAQ
• Safrole from Plants
• Safrole - Synthesis & Reactions (Beilstein Crossfire search)
• Distillation of Safrole
• Determination of Essential Oil Safrole Content
• Safrole Isomerization (Review)
• Notes on the synthesis of Chloro/Bromo/Iodosafrole
• Phenyl-2-halopropanes (Beilstein Crossfire search)
• Alkyl halides to carbonyls using 2-Nitropropane (for example bromosafrole to MDP2P)
• Alkyl halides to carbonyls using NaIO₄/DMF
• Notes on the Delepine reaction
• MDMA via direct aminomercuration of safrole
• Propenylbenzenes from propiophenones
• Aryl ketones (Propiophenones) to Aryl alkenes (Propenylbenzenes)
• The Complete Book Of Ecstacy
• Manufacture of MDA Analogs by Dal Cason (Really comprehensive)
• Safrole purification with Mercury(II)acetate
• MDA from MDP2Pol; the Mitsunobu reaction
• Purification of MDP2P with Sodium Bisulfite
• Purification of MDP2P via its NaI complex
• Complete MDMA Synthesis by Bright Star
• Complete MDMA Synthesis by Dr Drool
• MDA from Bromosafrole using PTC and an azide
• MDMA via Tosyl Chloride Intermediate?
• Photoamination - One step from isosafrole to MDMA
• Pseudonitrosite FAQ
• MDP2P by 2-Nitropropene Alkylation of 1,3-Benzodioxole
• Impurities in Commercially Available MDP2P
• A Study of the Precursors, Intermediates and Reaction Byproducts in the Synthesis of MDMA

Epoxide related

• Peracid (Performic/Peracetic) oxidation of isosafrole to MDP2P (Review)
• Oxidation of propenylbenzenes to P2P's using Peracetic Acid
• Meinwald Rearrangement of Propenylbenzene Epoxides to Phenyl-2-Propanones
• Electrolytic oxidation of safrole to MDP2P
• Procedure for the oxidation of isosafrole to MDP2P using Oxone
• Epoxidation of propenylbenzenes using dimethyldioxirane or oxone
• MDP2P from (iso)safrole via epoxide intermediate
• Epoxidation of Safrole, using H2O2 and a peroxotungstate catalyst
• Epoxidation using a Manganese Catalyst (PDF)
• MDP2P from isosafrole via the dibromide, bromohydrin and epoxide
• Isomerisation of Epoxides to Carbonyl Compounds by Iodides in DMSO
• Electrochemical Rearrangement of Isosafrole Epoxide to MDP2P
• Photochemical Conversion of Halohydrins to Ketones
• Epoxidation of Olefins without Metal Catalysts
• Oxidation of Alkenes to Diols with KMnO₄/PTC
• Oxidation of Alkenes to Diols with Iodine and KIO₃
• Synthesis of N-Iodosuccinimide (NIS) and using it to prepare iodohydrin acetates from alkenes

Piperonal/Catechol/Eugenol related

• Piperonal from Pepper
• Piperonal from isosafrole
• Alkenes to Aldehydes with KMnO₄
• Isosafrole from piperonal
• Novel synthesis of Piperonal
• MDMA precursors from Eugenol
• Demethylation (Vanillin/Eugenol) and Methylenation (Piperonal/Safrole)
• A Re-examination of the Methylenation Reaction
• Synthesis of 4-allylcatechol (3,4-dihydroxyallylbenzene)
• Synthesis of 4-allylcatechol (Mechanism of Claisen Rearrangement in Catechols)
• Synthesis of Safrole from catechol
• Synthesis of Safrole and o-Safrole
• MDP2P from piperonal via 3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl-2-nitropropene
• Large-scale MDA from piperonal
• Preparation of MDP-2-nitropropene from piperonal with MeOH/NaOH
• Electrooxidation of Isosafrole to Piperonal (PDF)
• Electrochemical Oxidation of Isosafrole to Piperonal and Isosafrole Glycol
• Isomerization of Eugenol to Isoeugenol - Kinetic Studies

Reductive amination

• Reductive amination of MDP2P with NaBH₄
• MDA by reductive amination with Sodium Cyanoborohydride
• Al/Hg reductive amination of MDP2P using nitromethane as methylamine source [Pictures]
• Preparation of Aluminum Amalgam
• Osmium's variation of the Al/Hg reductive amination of MDP2P
• MDP2P/Methylamine reductive amination Osmium/BrightStar Style
• Impurities detected in MDMA made by Al/Hg Reductive Amination
• Catalytic hydrogenation of MDP2P/Methylamine to MDMA
• Reductive amination with NaBH4 and titanium(IV)isopropoxide
• Reductive amination with NaBH4, titanium(IV)isopropoxide and methanolic methylamine
• Reductive Amination of Ketones to Primary Amines using NH₄Cl/NaBH₄
• Reduction of Oximes and Phenylacetonitriles with ZrCl₄/NaBH₄
• MDA from MDP2P via the oxime, reduced by sodium metal
• MDA by Al/Hg reduction of MDP2P oxime in acidic EtOH
• MDMA and MDA via the Leuckart reaction
• MDE synthesis via reductive amination with nitroethane
• MDE synthesis via reductive amination with ethylamine
• Sodium Dithionite for the Reduction of Imines and Cleavage of Oximes
• Electrochemical Reductive Amination Method
• Electrochemical Reductive Amination of P2P's over a Mercury Cathode (PDF)
• Reductive Amination with Sodium Triacetoxyborohydride (PDF)
• Reductive amination using metallic magnesium
• Reductive amination of ketones using Pd/C and formic acid (PDF)
• Synthesis of Secondary Amines - A Review
• Aqueous NaBH4 Reductive Amination of Phenylacetones
• Hydrogenation of imines (DejaVu Format)
• Reductive Amination Using Potassium Formate and Palladium Acetate (PDF)
• Reductive Amination using Borohydride Exchange Resin (BER)
• Methylation of Amines with NaBH₄ and ZnCl₂ in DCM

Wacker Oxidation Methods

• Benzoquinone/DMF Wacker Oxidation of Safrole
• Benzoquinone/Methanol Wacker Oxidation of Safrole (Methyl Man)
• Improvements to the Benzoquinone Wacker
• DMF/O₂ Wacker Oxidation of Safrole
• KRV/SRV Methanol/O₂ Wacker Oxidation of Safrole
• Discussions about the Alkyl Nitrite Wacker Oxidation of Safrole
• Electrochemical Wacker Oxidation of Safrole
• Electrochemical Wacker Oxidation of Safrole (Improvement)
• Regioselectivity in the Wacker oxidation of Propenylbenzenes (PDF)
• Cyclodextrin - Palladium Chloride as a Ketone-selective Wacker Oxidation System

(Meth)amphetamines

• Crystal Creations (Archived Website Snapshot)
• Worlock's Meth Synthesis Page (Archived Website Snapshot)
• Resolution of Racemic Amphetamines into d- and l-Amphetamines
• Methamphetamine and P2P from phenylacetaldehyde
• Notes on the synthesis of chloroephedrine and reduction to methamphetamine
• Chloroephedrine Reduction to Methamphetamine
• Synthesis of phenylpropanolamine (PPA)
• CTH reduction of Phenyl-2-Nitropropene to Amphetamine
• Uncle Fester's Electroreduction of (pseudo)Ephedrine
• Phosphoramidomercuration of allylbenzene to give amphetamine
• Syntheses of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine
• A review of amphetamine and methamphetamine reduction methods
• The Clandestine Drug Laboratory Situation in the United States 1978-81
• Reductive amination overview with references
• Reductive alkylation overview with references
• Methamphetamine from P2P with NaBH₄
• Al/Hg reductive amination under pressure
• Large scale meth production via catalytic hydrogenation
• Preparation of amphetamine phosphate (electrolytic reduction of phenylnitropropene)
• One Pot Amphetamine synth from BzCN, MeI and NaBH₄
• Amphetamine from P2NP using Urushibara Nickel (NiCl₂/Al)
• Meth from Benzylmagnesium chloride alkylation of acetaldehyde methylimine
• Methamphetamine from Phenyl-2-Propanone
• Methamphetamines from Amphetamines
• Synthesis of Allylbenzene from Cinnamaldehyde
• Synthesis of Benzyl Chloride
• Synthesis of Benzyl Cyanide
• Synthesis of Phenylacetic acid
• Allylbenzene - PhMgBr/CuI/Allylbromide
• PTC Willgerodt synthesis of Phenylacetic acids from Acetophenones
• Synthesis of Phenyl-2-nitropropene
• Comprehensive Leuckart Reaction Overview from Organic Reactions (PDF)
• Synthesis of Allylbenzene and Phenyl-2-bromopropane
• Direct Amination of Phenylpropenes to Amphetamines (German PDF)
• Preparation of Amphetamines from Phenylpropanolamines
• Optically pure Amphetamines by the way of alpha-Methylhydrocinnamic Acid
• Amphetamine Synthesis via an Acetoacetate Intermediate
• Reduction of benzylic alcohols to hydrocarbons with iodotrimethylsilane
• Dehydration of Phenyl-1-propanol to Propenylbenzene
• Synthesis of (S)-(+)-Amphetamine from (1S,2S)-2-Amino-1-Phenyl-1,3-Propanediol
• Amphetamine by Al/Hg reductive amination of P2P
• Efficient Isomerization of Allylbenzene with NaOH/PTC
• Synthesis of Deuterio-l-Amphetamine d₁ Sulfate
• Synthesis of Deuterated Methamphetamine, DOB, PCP and Methaqualone

Birch reduction

• The Complete Birch by Mr Clean
• Birch reduction of pseudoephedrine to Methamphetamine
• The Birch Reaction: Methamphetamine from (pseudo)ephedrine
• Chem Guy's notes on Birch-like reductions
• Birch Reduction kinetics (PDF)
• Anhydrous ammonia additivies inhibiting Birch reductions (PDF)
• Patent for Birch reduction inhibiting ammonia additives (PDF)
• How to reclaim Lithium metal from Lithium batteries (with pictures)

P2P related

• Phenyl-2-Propanone (P2P) Syntheses - a Review
• Synthesis of Phenyl-2-Propanone via Phenyl-2-Propanol
• Phenyl-2-Propanone from Allylbenzene via P2Pol
• Phenyl-2-Propanol from Styrene Oxide
• Synthesis of P2P from 3-phenyl-1-chloropropane
• The Nef Reaction - Phenyl-2-nitropropane to P2P
• Improved H₂O₂/K₂CO₃ Nef Reaction
• Synthesis of p-Methoxy-P2P
• P2P from propenylbenzenes
• Azlactone Route to Phenyl-2-Propanones from Benzaldehydes
• Tin(II)Chloride reduction of phenylnitropropenes to P2P's
• CdCl₂-Mg-H₂O reduction of phenylnitropropenes to P2P's
• Raney Ni-Na₂PO₂ reduction of phenylnitropropenes to P2P's
• Strecker degradation of α-Methyl-Phenylalanine to P2P
• P2P by Hydroboration-Oxidation of Phenylpropyne
• Phenylacetones from O-Methyl Bromoacetone Oxime
• Phenylacetone by Wacker Oxidation of Propenylbenzene
• Differentiation of P2P Synthesized from Phenylacetic Acid with Acetic Anhydride vs. Lead(II)Acetate
• P2P trough Meerwein Arylation of Aniline
• Reaction of Aryllithiums with Epichlorohydrin
• Electroreductive Acylation of Benzyl Chloride to P2P
• Electroreductive Arylation of Chloroacetone to P2P
• P2P from n-Propylbenzene using the Étard Reaction

Ephedrine related

• Ephedrine: Synthesis, extraction and esterification
• Synthesis and resolution of racemic Ephedrine
• Enantioselective Synthesis of (1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine
• Racemization of Optically Active Ephedrines
• Comprehensive reference work on the extraction and synthesis of (pseudo)ephedrine
• Comparison of the Properties of Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine
• Ephedrine and its Salts - Isolation and Properties
• Synthesis of Phenylpropanolamine and (Pseudo)Ephedrine
• [Patent] Synthesis of Ephedrine
• Synthesis of the Norephedrine Precursor (1R*,2S*)-1-Phenyl-2-nitropropanol
• Catalytic reduction of Ephedrine overview with references
• Ephedra (Ma Huang) as a source of (pseudo)ephedrine
• Chapter 5: Supercritical extraction of Pseudoephedrine from pills (PDF)
• Biotransformations for Ephedrine Production (PDF)
• l-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) from Benzaldehyde (PDF)
• Phenylpropanolamine by reductive amination of L-PAC, made by fermentation of Benzaldehyde
• Debunking the Myth of Ephedrine/Methamphetamine in Chicken Feed
• dl-Ephedrine by reductive amination of 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione
• Ephedrine-type Alkaloid content of commercial Ephedra/Ma Huang preparations (PDF)
• Separation of methamphetamine from ephedrine through steam distillation
• Comprehensive article on (pseudo)ephedrine acetyl ester and amide (PDF)
• Pseudoephedrine pill denaturant patents US6136864 (PDF)
• Pseudoephedrine Extraction Technique: Waterless A/B
• Pseudoephedrine Extraction Technique: Full Turps Cure
• Pseudoephedrine Extraction Technique: E-Gull & IDEA Method
• Pseudoephedrine Extraction Technique: Straight to Bee
• Pseudoephedrine Extraction Technique: Straight to E
• Extraction of OTC Medications: A Preliminary Study Report by G.N. Gietzen (PDF)

HI/P reduction of ephedrine

• Methamphetamine Synthesis Via HI/Red Phosphorous Reduction of Ephedrine
• Meth via HI/P by Wizard X
• Hypophosphorous Acid synthesis and reduction of (pseudo)ephedrine
• Hypophosphorous Acid reduction of (pseudo)ephedrine (with pictures)
• Placebo's meth synthesis
• Workup of the RP/HI Methamphetamine Synthesis
• The Mechanism of HI generation from RedP/I₂

Phenylalanine Related

• Reduction of D-Phenylalanine to d-Amphetamine
• Reduction of D-Phenylalanine to d-Amphetamine and d-Methamphetamine
• Phenylalanine to Amphetamine-d₃
• Possible electrochemical conversion of L-Phenylalanine to d-Amphetamine
• Reduction of Tyrosine to Optically Active para-Methoxyamphetamine (PMA)

Methamphetamine Impurities

• Impurities Found in Methamphetamine Synthesized From Ephedrine with HI/P
• Impurities Found in Methamphetamine Synthesized via chloroephedrine
• Impurities Found in Illicit Amphetamine and Methamphetamine
• References regarding impurities from the synthesis of methamphetamine
• Impurities in Methamphetamine Synthesized From Ephedrine with HI/P
• Impurities in methamphetamine tablets found in Thailand (PDF)
• Reidentification of a Major Impurity in Illicit Amphetamine
• By-Product Contamination of Clandestinely Prepared Amphetamines and Cocaine
• The Origin of Alkenes in Illicit Amphetamine: Examination of the Illicit Synthesis of P2P
• [Bull. Narc.] Impurities in clandestinely produced amphetamine; A review
• [Bull. Narc.] Leuckart-specific impurities in amphetamine and methamphetamine
• [Bull. Narc.] Methamphetamine Impurity Profiling

(Meth)cathinone

• Methcathinone FAQ 2.2
• Criticism on the Cat FAQ
• Notes on the Synthesis of Methcathinone
• The Hyperreal Methcathinone Document
• Methcatinone via Jones Reagent Oxidation
• Synthesis and resolution of Cathinone from Phenylpropanolamine
• Comprehensive Methcatinone FAQ (In German)
• Synthesis of Dimethylcathinone
• Potentially Psychedelic Cathinone Analogs
• Synthesis of Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)
• Stereospecific synthesis, and optical resolution of Norpseudoephedrine
• (Methylenedioxy)Cathinone Characterization (PDF)
• Methcathinone Radiolabeling
• Ephedrone: 2-Methylamino-1-Phenylpropan-1-One (Jeff)
• The Identification of Cathinone in Khat (Catha edulis)
• TLC Identification Test for Khat (Catha edulis)
• Synthesis of Ephedrine & Methcathinone from Propionic Acid

Misc. Phenethylamines

• PiHKAL - THE phenethylamine synthesis reference, by Alexander Shulgin
• A structural tour of Pihkal
• A comprehensive review of Pihkal, by Tyrone Slothrop
• Psychedelic Chemistry by M. V. Smith
• Novel Fluoro and Nitro analogs of TMA-2 and MMDA-2
• A new route to 2,4,6-DOM and related compounds
• A new route to 3,5-dimethoxy-4-substituted-phenethylamines
• Ethylenediammonium diacetate - a novel nitrostyrene synthesis catalyst
• Decarboxylation of phenylalanines to phenethylamines
• Synthesis of 2C-D
• Synthesis of STP (DOM)
• 2,5-Dihydroxyalkylbenzenes from Benzoquinone
• Synthesis of DOC
• DOB Syntheses Without LAH
• Phenyl-2-nitropropenes from Propenylbenzenes
• Nitroalkenes from Alkenes using NaNO₂/I₂/Ethylene Glycol
• Nitroalkenes from Alkenes using KNO₂/I₂/THF/PTC
• Electrochemical transformation of alkenes to nitroalkenes
• Rhodanine route from benzaldehydes to phenylacetonitriles
• Synthesis of Indanylamphetamine (IAP)
• Formylation of Indane
• Synthesis of 5-Methyl-MDA
• Synthesis of 3-Methoxy-4-Methyl-Amphetamine (MMA)
• Synthesis of 4-Fluoroamphetamine
• Phenylnitropropenes and phenylacetones from benzaldehydes (Org. Syn.)
• Benzaldehydes from propenylbenzenes or cinnamic acids using KMnO4/alumina
• Synthesis of 2,5-dimethoxyallylbenzene
• Preparation of unsymmetrical 2,5-dialkoxybenzaldehydes
• Preparation of Phenethylamines from Benzyl Alcohols
• Preparation of Anethole and Asarone epoxide with H₂O₂/MeCN
• Synthesis of 4-Alkylthio-2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehydes
• Alkylthio-benzaldehydes from Bromo-Benzaldehydes
• Synthesis of Phenethylamines from Phenylacetic Acids
• Synthesis of 2,3-Methylenedioxyamphetamines
• Ultrasound Promoted Nitrostyrene Synthesis
• 2,5-Dimethoxyphenylacetone via Darzen Condensation
• 4-Iodo-2,5-Dimethoxyphenylacetone
• Synthesis of 3-Methyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Synthesis of 2C-CN
• Synthesis of 4-Methoxyphenol
• Synthesis of 3-Methyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Synthesis of 3,4-Methylenedioxy-5-methoxybromobenzene
• Synthesis of Fenfluramine, with an immense amount of novel amphetamine synthesis reactions
• Sodium Percarbonate Dakin Reaction: Benzaldehydes and acetophenones to phenols
• Benzaldehydes to phenols using H₂O₂
• Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-2,6-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Oxidation of benzylalcohols to benzaldehydes with acidic DMSO
• Benzaldehydes by reductive oxidation of benzoic acids
• 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-Hydroxypropenylbenzene
• Synthesis of all the Trimethoxyphenylpropenes
• Synthesis of Croweacin and some of its derivatives
• KG-60-NEt₂ as Henry reaction catalyst
• Synthesis of 3-Methyl- and 4-Methyl-2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Synthesis of 4-Methoxyphenol
• 2,5-Dimethoxyacetophenone from Hydroquinone
• Synthesis of 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Fluoroethylamphetamine (DOEF)
• The Synthesis of Nitrostyrenes by the Henry Reaction
• Synthesis of 4-Fluoro-2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine (DOF)
• High-yielding synthesis of Amphetamines using a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Olefination
• Alkyl Bromides to Secondary Amines using an aza-Wittig Reaction
• Oxidation of Allylbenzenes to Phenylacetaldehydes and Phenylacetaldoximes
• Synthesis of 2C-T-X Nitrostyrenes
• 2-Methoxy-3,4-Methylenedioxybenzaldehyde (Croweacinaldehyde) from Pyrogallol
• Synthesis of Croweacinaldehyde by Vilsmeyer Formylation
• Shulgin's first report on TMA
• First Synthesis of DOB
• Synthesis of 4-Methyl-3-Methoxy-Amphetamine (MMA)
• Alkylation of phenolic aldehydes with trimethyl phosphate
• Thiolation of 4-Methoxyphenol to 2-Hydroxy-5-methoxythiophenol
• Shulgin & Nichols: First report on Aleph and 2C-T
• First Reported Synthesis of 3,4,5-Trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA)

MMDA related

• Shulgin's first report on MMDA
• Shulgin: MMDA Psychopharmacology
• Conversion of Eugenol to Myristicin and Elimicin
• Composition of the Myristicin Fraction from Oil of Nutmeg
• Synthesis of Myristicin
• Myristicinaldehyde (3,4-methylenedioxy-5-Methoxybenzadehyde)
• Synthesis of Myristicinaldehyde and Apiolealdehyde
• Homomyristicinic Acid, Myristicinaldehyde etc. from Myristicin
• Synthesis of Myristicinaldehyde and 5-Hydroxypiperonal
• 5-Hydroxyvanillin and 5-Hydroxy-3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde from 5-Bromovanillin

DMMDA-2 related

• Synthesis of DMMDA-2, 6-Br-DMMDA-2 and DMMDMA-2
• DMMDA-2 from dillapiole via the Delepine reaction
• Isodillapiole Pseudonitrosite and Nitropropene
• 2,3-Dimethoxy-4,5-Methylenedioxy-Phenylacetone from Isodillapiole
• 4,5-Dimethoxy-2,3-Methylenedioxyallylbenzene (pseudo-Dillapiole)
• Syntheses of Dillapiole and its 4-Methylthio analog
• Synthesis of Dillapiole and 1,2,3,4-Tetramethoxyallylbenzene
• Shulgin's first report on DMMDA and DMMDA-2

TMA-2 related

• 2,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-2-nitropropene from asarone via the benzaldehyde
• TMA-2 from Calamus oil, using Wacker Oxidation and Leuckart amination
• TMA-2 from Calamus root bark - by Randolph Carter
• Reduction of 2,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-2-nitropropene to TMA-2
• Synthesis of 2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, a TMA-2 precursor
• CTH Reduction of 2,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-2-nitropropene to the ketoxime
• Reactions of Asarone
• GC Behavior of Asarone, Isosafrole, Isoeugenol and Methyl Isoeugenol cis/trans isomers
• Asarone Epoxidation Using Sodium Hypochlorite
• Why Asarone Cannot be Used in the Performic Oxidation
• New synthetic route for analogs of alpha-asarone
• Conversion of beta-Asarone into 2,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamaldehyde and gamma-Asarone

Mescaline related

• Mescaline from 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde via the Phenylacetonitrile
• Mescaline synthesis monograph from The Alkaloids Vol III
• Synthesis of Mescaline from eucalyptus sawdust
• Synthesis and Pharmacology of 2,6-Dichloromescaline
• MMDA & Mescaline synthesis from vanillin
• Electrosynthesis of mescaline
• Mescaline through catalytic hydrogenation
• Synthesis of 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde from Vanillin
• 5-Iodovanillin and 5-hydroxyvanillin from Vanillin
• Synthesis of Syringaldehyde
• Syringaldehyde from Spruce and Maple Woods
• Synthesis of 3,4,5-Trimethoxy-nitrostyrene and 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-2-nitroethane
• 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde from p-Cresol
• Extraction of Mescaline from Cacti
• 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde from Vanillin, 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde or p-Cresol
• 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde from Gallic Acid (3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic Acid)
• An Improved Synthesis of Mescaline from Gallic Acid
• Syringaldehyde from 5-Bromovanillin by Ester-catalyzed Methanolysis
• Synthesis of Mescaline from 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol using the Mannich Reaction
• Syntheses of Mescaline from Gallic acid
• Shulgin: Mescaline - The Chemistry and Pharmacology of its Analogs
• Illustrated Synthesis of 3,4,5-Trimethoxy-beta-nitrostyrene and 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-2-nitroethane

2C-B related

• 2C-B Synthesis from 2,5-DMB
• Beaker's 2C-B synthesis using borohydride/CTH
• Improved NaBH4 reduction of nitrostyrenes to phenylnitroalkanes
• High-yield synthesis of 2C-H using LAH
• 2C-B Synthesis via Mannich reaction
• 2C-H via Darzen condensation
• Discussions of possible new 2C-B syntheses
• Reports on different successful 2C-B syntheses
• Synthesis of 2C-H via a mandelonitrile intermediate
• A novel route to 2C-B (and 2C-D/2C-E)
• Catalytic hydrogenation of 2,5-dimethoxynitrostyrene to give 2C-H
• Catalytic hydrogenation of 2,5-dimethoxynitrostyrene to 2C-H
• Improved bromination of 2C-H to 2C-B
• Bromination of 2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Selective Bromination and Iodination of 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Large-scale 2C-H bromination with pictures
• Synthesis of 2C-B from Anise Oil (PDF)
• Synthesis of 2,5-Dimethoxyphenylacetic Acid, the corresponding aldehyde, alcohol and ethyl ester

Aromatic Iodination/Chlorination #

• Iodination of methoxybenzenes with I₂/NaNO₃
• Iodination of substituted benzenes with N-iodosuccinimide/TFA (PDF)
• Iodination of Methoxyamphetamines (I₂/AgSO₄)
• Iodination of Methoxybenzenes with NIS
• Aromatic Iodination
• Halogenation of methoxybenzenes with N-halosuccinimides
• 2C-C and DOC with N-chlorosuccinimide and perchloric acid
• Synthesis of 4-Chloro-2,5-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-C)
• Regioselective Halogenation of Aromatics Using Potassium Halides and Oxone
• Regioselective Oxyiodination of Aromatics Using KI/Oxone
• Regioselective Bromination of Aromatics Using KBr/Oxone
• Regioselective Chlorination of Aromatics Using KCl/Oxone
• Aromatic Iodination with Lead Tetraacetate as the Oxidant
• Aromatic Chlorination with Sodium Hypochlorite
• Synthesis of 4-Iodo-2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Iodination of Methoxybenzenes using Alkali Iodides and H₂SO₄
• Iodination of Methoxybenzenes using a Mixture of Potassium Iodide and Iodate
• Shulgin: Synthesis of Radio-Iodinated N,N-Dimethyl-meta-Dimethoxyamphetamines
• Shulgin: Synthesis of ¹²¹I and ¹²⁵I Radioiodinated 4-Iodo-2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine (DOI)
• Shulgin: Synthesis of ¹²³I Radioiodinated 4-Iodo-2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine (DOI)
• Synthesis of ⁷⁷Br Radiobrominated 4-Bromo-2,5-Dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine (DOB)

Reductions

• Reduction of Nitroalkenes with Zinc and Aluminum Amalgams
• 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-Alkoxy-Phenethylamines by Zn/HCl Reduction of Nitrostyrenes
• Phenethylamines fron nitrostyrenes via 1 atm catalytic hydrogenation
• Reduction of Phenylacetonitriles and Nitrostyrenes to PEA's with LiBH₄/ NaBH₄and TMSCl
• Notes on the LAH reduction of nitrostyrenes
• Reduction of Nitrostyrenes with Red-Al (Vitride)
• Reduction of Nitrostyrenes to Phenethylamines using Red-Al
• Miscellaneous reductions of oximes to amines
• High-Yield Oxime Preparation using CaO/Hydroxylamine·HCl
• Nitrostyrene reduction using diisobutylaluminium hydride
• Zinc Borohydride Reducing Agent (PDF)
• Sodium Cyanoborohydride - Synthesis, Purification and Use (PDF)
• Sodium Cyanoborohydride Reduction - Review (DjVu)
• Borch Reduction - Cyanotrihydridoborate as a selective reducing agent (PDF)
• Sodium Borohydride/Carboxylic Acids - Sodium Triacetoxyborohydride (PDF)
• Sodium Borohydride in Carboxylic Acid Media - Review (DjVu)
• Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitrostyrenes at 1 atm H₂
• Aqueous CTH with PdCl₂/HCOOH/NaOH of cinnamic acids to hydrocinnamates
• Synthesis and Reduction of Azides
• Reductive Acetylation: Azides to N-acetylamines with AlI₃/Ac₂O
• Reduction of Azides to Amines with Zinc/NH₄Cl
• Reduction of Nitriles to Primary Amines with Nickel Boride
• Reduction of Nitroalkenes to Oximes
• Oximes from Conjugated Nitroalkenes using Pd/C-Ammonium Formate CTH
• Oximes from Conjugated Nitroalkenes using Lead Powder
• Reduction of Nitroalkanes to amines using Zinc/Ammonium Formate
• Reduction of Nitroalkanes to amines using Zinc/Hydrazinium Formate
• Reduction of Nitroalkanes to amines using Magnesium/Hydrazinium Formate
• Reduction of nitroalkenes to nitroalkanes with 2-phenylbenzimidazoline
• Reduction of nitroalkenes to nitroalkanes with Triethylamine-Formic Acid
• Poisoning and Deactivation of Palladium Catalysts (PDF)
• Nitrostyrenes to Nitroalkanes with Methanolic Sodium Borohydride
• Nitrostyrenes to Nitroalkanes with Borohydride Exchange Resin (BER)
• Reduction of Phenylacetonitriles to Phenethylamines
• Electroreduction of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives (DejaVu Format)
• Reduction of Phenolic Nitrostyrenes with LAH
• Electroreduction of Nitroalkenes to Oximes and Amines
• Reductions with Sodium Borohydride/Sulfur - NaBH₂S₃ (PDF)
• Reductions with Alkyloxyaluminohydrides, Red-Al etc. (PDF)
• Selective Reduction of Aldehydes with Sodium Triacetoxyborohydride
• CTH Reduction of Nitroalkenes to Oximes using Pd/C-Decaborane
• Ultrasound-Promoted Aluminum Amalgam reduction of Nitroalcohols to Aminoalcohols
• Reduction of Nitroalkenes to Hydroxylamines using Boranes
• One-Pot Preparation of N-Substituted Hydroxylamines from Nitroalkenes using Boranes
• Reduction of Nitroalkanes to Amines or Hydroxylamines using SmI₂
• Reduction of Oximes to Amines with a Zn-Cu Couple
• Selective Reduction of Nitro Compounds Using Formic Acid and Raney Nickel
• High-yielding reduction of nitrostyrenes to amines using Al/Hg
• Reduction of oximes to amines using Magnesium/Ammonium Formate
• Catalytic Reduction of Nitriles and Oximes
• Reduction of Amides and nitriles to amines using Tetrabutylammonium Borohydride
• CTH reduction of aldehydes and ketones to carbonyl compounds
• Pd/C- Hypophosphite CTH Reduction of Nitroalkenes to Oximes
• Varma & Kabalka: Reduction of Conjugated Nitroalkenes with Boron Reagents (Review)
• Varma & Kabalka: Synthesis and Reduction of Conjugated Nitroalkenes (Review)
• Reduction of Nitro Compounds to Amines with Titanium(II) Reagents
• Reduction of Nitroalkenes to Amines with in situ prepared BH₃·THF
• Reduction of Nitroalkenes and Nitroalkanes to Amines Using NaBH₄/NiCl₂ and Ultrasound
• Zinc/Ammonium Formate: Reduction of Oximes to Amines
• Benzyl Group Hydrogenolysis Using Zinc and Ammonium Formate
• Reduction of Nitroalkenes to Oximes using Chromium(II)Chloride
• Reduction of Nitroalkenes to Ketones using Chromium(II)Chloride
• Review: Catalytic Hydrogen Transfer Reductions Using Ammonium Formate
• CTH Reduction of Nitroalkanes to Amines

Tryptamines

• TiHKAL - THE tryptamine synthesis reference, by Alexander Shulgin
• Tryptamine Synthesis from Tryptophan
• Synthesis of Tryptamine and 5-MeO-Tryptamine
• Synthesis of 5-Methoxytryptamine (Mexamine)
• alpha-Methyltryptamine (IT-290, AMT) Synthesis
• Indole-3-acetaldehyde from Tryptophan
• Synthesis of 5-Bromo-Indole
• Synthesis of Indoleacetic acid
• Synthesis of 5-Cyano-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-CN-DMT)
• Synthesis of 7-bromotryptamine HCl
• Indole-3-acetonitrile by Cyanomethylation of Indole
• Preparation of alpha-Substituted Tryptamines from Isatins
• The Speeter-Anthony Tryptamine Synthesis

Psilocybin related

• Extraction, TLC Analysis and Purification of Psilocybian Alkaloids
• Synthesis of Psilocin
• Synthesis of Psilocybin and 4-Acetoxy-DMT (O-Acetyl-psilocin)
• Psilocin Analogs, bromine or formyl substituted at either the 5- or 7-position (PDF)
• Psilocin synthesis through Pd-catalyzed alkyne cyclization (PDF)
• Large-scale synthesis of Psilocin and Psilocybin (PDF)
• Extraction and analysis of indole derivatives from fungal biomass
• Psilocin Extraction from Psilocybe Mushrooms

DMT

• DMT and DET synthesis
• Synthesis of DMT (and analogs) from Tryptamine
• Synthesis of DMT from Indoleacetic acid
• Synthesis of DMT via Tryptophol
• DMT synthesis via direct Fischer Indole Synthesis
• DMT from 2-nitrostyrenes
• DMT and 5-MeO-DMT from Me₂NH/Cl-CH₂CHO/Indole
• DMT tartrate prep, starting from Acacia maidenii bark
• 5-Methoxy-N-Methyltryptamine (O,N-Dimethylserotonin), synthesis, isolation and analysis
• 5-MeO-DMT Analysis: Quantitative & Qualitative TLC (PDF)
• Synthesis of DMT by Alkylating Indole Grignard Reagents
• Synthesis of Deuterated DMT and 5-MeO-DMT

LSD

• LSD from Ergotamine Tartrate
• Novel synthetic route to LSD from elymoclavine
• LSD Synthesis: Discussion & References
• LSD Material Safety Data Sheet
• How to field test blotters for presence of LSD
• Possible two-step synth of LSD from LSA and iso-LSA
• LSD Syntheses from 'Recreational Drugs' by Prof. Buzz
• LSD Synthesis Patent
• LSD Synthesis using Peptide Coupling Reagents
• LSD Trafficking overview by the DEA
• LSD Manufacture overview by the DEA
• Field Identification Manual for Claviceps Ergot Fungus (PDF)
• Synthesis of Lysergic Acid from Paspalic Acid
• Ergot Alkaloid article by Arthur Stoll (PDF)
• LSD Total Synthesis by Cobalt-catalyzed cyclization of 4-Ethynyl-Indole-3-Acetonitrile (PDF)
• Synthetic Studies on (+)-Lysergic Acid (PDF)
• Ergot Alkaloid Biosynthesis, Tet. Rep. #14 (PDF)
• Fermentation Experiments with Claviceps Paspali
• Lysergic acid from ergocristine
• Hydrolysis of Ergotinine to Lysergic Acid
• R. B. Woodward's Total Synthesis of Lysergic Acid
• Novel Total Synthesis of Lysergic Acid
• Synthesis of ¹⁴C-Diethylamine and ¹⁴C-LSD

Opiates and Opioids

• Codeine to Morphine Conversion Review
• "Homebake" Labs: Codeine to Morphine and Heroin
• Extraction and purification of morphine from opium
• New patent on the extraction and purification of morphine from opium
• Opium - Poppy Cultivation, Morphine and Heroin Manufacture
• Morphine and Opium Alkaloids
• Identification tests of morphine
• Synthesis of Dimenoxadol
• Total synthesis of (-)-Morphine (PDF)
• Total synthesis of (+)-Morphine (PDF)
• Synthesis of Levorphanol (levo-Dromoran)
• Synthesis of Pethidine (Demerol)
• One-step synthesis of Prodine
• Morphine and structurally related analgesics
• Pethidine-type Analgesics Overview
• The Stereochemistry of Morphine
• Total Synthesis of Morphine
• Codeine FAQ
• Chromic's Coldwater Codeine Extraction
• Synthesis of a Clonitazene/Etonitazene Analog
• Conversion of Thebaine to Codeine
• Anileridine Synthesis and Pharmacology

Hydrocodone/Hydromorphone

• Codeinone from Thebaine
• Catalytic rearrangement of Morphine/Codeine to Hydromorphone/Hydrocodone
• Quantitative Conversion of Codeine to Hydrocodone
• 14-Hydroxycodeinone from Codeine (PDF)
• 14-Hydroxycodeinone from Thebaine (PDF)

Oxycodone/Oxymorphone

• Oxycodone and Codeinone from Codeine
• Oxycodone and Oxymorphone from Codeine
• Oxymorphone from Oxycodone
• Oxymorphone from Oxycodone with BBr₃

Methadone

• Synthesis of Methadone
• Dibenzo-18-crown-6 as PTC in Bockmühl's synthesis of Methadone
• Methadone Chemistry: A Review

Fentanyl related

• Fentanyl Synthesis
• Discussions on a Fentanyl analog suggested by Drone #342
• Carfentanil synthesis
• Total Synthesis of Sufentanil
• Synthesis and evaluation of 4-Methyl-Fentanyl (PDF)
• Synthesis and evaluation of 2,3-seco-Fentanyl (PDF)
• Theoretical study of 2,3-seco-Fentanyl and other Fentanyl analogs
• Fentanyl Designer Drugs: Past History and Future Prospects
• The Identification of China White
• Designer Drugs: Past History and Future Prospects

Heroin related

• Opium - Poppy Cultivation, Morphine and Heroin Manufacture
• Heroin manufacture
• The original article on the synthesis of heroin
• The making of heroin
• Heroin Synthesis Review, focusing on 4-DMAP Catalyzed Acetylation of Morphine (PDF)

Misc Drugs

GHB related

• GHB Synthesis FAQ
• Preparation of Sodium GHB by Chem-R-Us
• Synthesis and evaluation of 4-Methyl-GHB
• Synthesis and evaluation of the GHB analogs MAB and DABD
• Dehydrogenation of 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BD) to gamma-Butyrolactone (GBL)
• References for the oxidation of THF to GBL
• Synthesis of GHB/GBL from GABA (Sandmeyer Reaction)
• Sodium bromate oxidation of THF to GBL (PDF)
• Solvent-free Permanganate oxidation of THF and 1,4-butanediol to GBL
• Hypochlorite oxidation of 1,4-butanediol to GBL
• Potential for gamma-Butyrolactone Synthesis from Tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-Butanediol
• 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BD, BDO) - Forensic Profile
• Oxidation of THF to GBL with Calcium Hypochlorite

Dissociatives

• Synthesis and Effects of PCP Analogs - A Review
• Illicit Synthesis of Phencyclidine (PCP) and Several of Its Analogs
• The detection of PCC contamination in PCP and TCP
• Synthesis of Eticyclidine and Rolicyclidine
• Synthesis of Ketamine
• Synthesis of Ketamine with all precursors made from scratch
• Synthesis of 4-Methoxy-PCP

Benzodiazepines

• Synthesis of Diazepam
• Synthesis of Nordiazepam
• Synthesis of Nitrazepam
• Synthesis of Clonazepam

THC related

• Fantastic THC synthesis overview
• The Total Synthesis of Cannabinoids (78 p. - 6 MB PDF)

Cocaine Related

• Illicit Production of Cocaine - A Review
• A Practical Total Synthesis of Cocaine's Enantiomers
• Synthesis of Cocaine
• Synthesis of Cocaine analogs from Arecoline
• [Bull. Narc.] Topics in the chemistry of cocaine
• Coca Cultivation & Cocaine Processing
• Nitrone Synthetic Route to Cocaine
• Cocaine containing plants
• SAR and Synthesis of Cocaine Analogs (PDF)
• Phenyltropane analogs with >60x the potency of Cocaine itself (DejaVu Format)

Other Stimulants

• Synthesis of the stimulants Adrafinil and Modafinil
• Synthesis of 1-Benzylpiperazine (BzP, A2)
• 4-Methyl Aminorex synthesis FAQ (beta)
• Large info/synthesis collection on 4-Methylaminorex (U4Euh)
• Appearance of Aminorex as a Designer Analog of 4-Methylaminorex
• The Stereoisomers of 4-Methylaminorex (U4Euh)
• A Fatality Involving U4Euh
• para-Fluoro-4-Methylaminorex
• Pemoline Synthesis
• Chemistry of 2-Amino-Oxazolines
• Diarylpiperidines as potential CNS stimulants
• Synthesis of diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinyl-methanol and diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinyl-methane
• Synthesis of BPAP, a Potent and Selective Catecholamine Activity Enhancer (PDF)
• Synthesis of optically pure threo-methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Other Drugs

• Methaqualone (Quaalude) Synthesis
• Synthesis of Meprobamate (Miltown)
• Synthesis of Chloral Hydrate
• Preparation of trichlorobutanol (Chlorbutol)
• Synthesis of phenylpiperazine derivatives
• Hormones and Other Anabolic Drugs
• BZ and related substances
• BZ and Other Incapacitating Agents
• Review: Amanita Muscaria (Fly Agaric) - Chemistry, Biology & Ethnomycology (PDF)
• Synthesis of Muscimol
• Synthesis of several Barbiturates
• Barbiturates, their chemistry and synthesis
• Notes on Adrenochrome
• Improved extraction of Salvinorins from Salvia Divinorum
• Salvinorin Extraction and Refinement FAQ v7.6
• Possible synthesis of Salvinorin
• The Salvia Divinorum Grower's Guide
• The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Kava-Kava
• Synthesis of Thiomuscimol, a potent muscimol analog
• Synthesis of Moclobemide
• Synthesis of Melperone
• Synthesis of Benzocaine
• First Synthesis of Viagra (Sildenafil)
• Development of the Commercial Synthesis of Viagra (Sildenafil)
• One-pot synthesis of Bupropion (Wellbutrin/Zyban)

Precursors and Reagents

Organic

• Methylamine Synthesis FAQ
• Nitroalkane Synthesis FAQ
• Nitroethane Synthesis: A Compilation
• Oxalyl chloride
• Phenylhydrazines
• Alkylation of phenolic aldehydes with trimethyl phosphate
• Methylene bromide
• Methylene iodide
• Cinnamic acid and beta-Bromostyrene
• Allylbenzene from cinnamyl alcohol
• Diethyl ether
• Acetic anhydride, Propionic anhydride and Acetyl chloride
• Formic acid
• Acetamide
• Amides from Carboxylic Acids and Amines
• Various formylation procedures
• Modified Duff Formylation with HMTA/TFA
• Aromatic Formylation using Triformamide
• Gattermann Aromatic Formylation
• Synthesis of Aromatic Aldehydes (Review)
• Anilines to Benzaldehydes (Organic Syntheses)
• Oxalic Acid from Household Cleaners
• Oxalic Acid from Household Cleaners (Improved Method)
• Info on nutmeg, extraction of nutmeg oil and isolation of myristicin
• Bromobenzene
• Iodobenzene
• Mandelic Acid and Derivatives
• para-Benzoquinone
• Toluquinone and Toluhydroquinone
• Ethyl Acetoacetate
• Notes on the use of 1-dimethylamino-2-nitroethylene (DMANE)
• Preparation of Acetophenones
• Acetophenones and Propiophenones
• Easy preparation of Chloroform
• Citric acid from lemon juice
• N-methylformamide
• Dichloromethyl methyl ether
• Chloroacetone and Bromoacetone
• Methyl Iodide from Methanol
• Great reference on natural propenylbenzenes and aldehydes (in German)
• Natural amphetamine precursors (with pictures)
• 2-Phenylpropanal
• Allyl Alcohol
• Preparation of Diphenylacetic acids (PDF)
• Alkyl Bromides from Alcohols
• Alkyl Nitrites from Alcohols
• Isopropyl Nitrite doc 2.0
• Ketene
• Acetonedicarboxylic Acid
• Diethyl Sulfate
• N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and N-Iodosuccinimide (NIS)
• Aromatic nitration with KNO₃/H₂SO₄ in DCM (ortho-Selective)
• Aromatic nitration with NaHSO₄/NaNO₃/SiO₂ in DCM
• Acetaldehyde and Paraldehyde
• Tetrabutylammonium Bromide (TBAB)
• 2-Nitropropene
• Ethyl Acetate
• Diethyl Azodicarboxylate (DEAD)
• Nitrobenzene and Aniline
• Chloroacetic acid
• Benzylamine and its N-Methyl and N,N-Dimethyl derivatives
• Methylisopropylamine
• Alkyl Chlorides to Alkyl Bromides using CaBr₂/PTC
• alpha-Phenylethylamine, Synthesis and Optical Resolution
• Synthesis and resolution of alpha-Phenethylamine
• 3-Hydroxythiophenol (mono-thioresorcinol)
• Acids to aldehydes using Saccharin and Red-Al
• Silica Gel Supported Jones Reagent for the Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes
• One-pot Conversion of Alcohols to Primary Amines
• Phenol methylation with Betaine
• Oxone Promoted Nef Reaction
• Propionic Acid from n-Propanol or MEK
• 6-Nitro- and 4-Nitro-2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde
• Optically active cyanohydrins by use of Almond meal
• The preparation and use of Diazomethane
• The preparation and use of Methylene Sulfate
• The preparation of Ethyl and Methyl Sulfonic Acid Esters from Ortoformates
• Bromination Method for Anilines and Anisoles Using NH₄Br/H₂O₂ in Acetic Acid

Inorganic

• Iodine Fact File
• Iodine crystals from Povidone-Iodine
• Iodine from Iodides with Ultrasound
• Iodine from Iodine tincture
• Phosphorus Fact File
• Red Phosphorous from matchbook strikers
• Chemical Behaviour of Red Phosphorus in Water
• Cyanogen Iodide (ICN)
• Potassium dichromate
• Palladium & Platinum catalysts preparation FAQ
• Urushibara Catalysts - New Hydrogenation Catalysts
• Rochelle salt (Potassium Sodium Tartrate)
• Sodium Cyanide
• Copper Chromite (dehydrogenation catalyst)
• Cuprous Chloride
• Mercury Salts (HgCl₂, Hg₂Cl₂, HgSO₄)
• Lithium Aluminum Hydride (LAH)
• Lead Tetraacetate, Pb(OAc)₄
• Sodium Nitrite
• Guanidine Nitrate from Calcium Cyanamide
• Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride
• Manganese(III)acetate
• H₂O₂ FAQ from H₂O₂.com
• Cyanogen Bromide (CNBr)
• Liquid Anhydrous Ammonia
• Aluminum Chloride and Aluminum Bromide
• Lithium Borohydride
• Dithionite Salts Preparation
• Palladium(II)Chloride, PdCl₂
• Sodium Cyanoborohydride
• Thionyl Chloride Purification
• Hydrazine Sulfate (OTC Prep)
• Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine)Palladium(0)
• Chlorotris(Triphenylphosphine)Rhodium(I) (Wilkinson's Catalyst)
• Pyrophosphoryl Chloride
• Preparation of the hydrated diacetate salts of Chromium(II) and Copper(II)

Preparation of Gases

• Preparation of 57% Hydriodic Acid
• Anhydrous Hydrogen Iodide and 57% Hydriodic Acid
• Anhydrous Hydrogen Iodide from 57% aqueous HI and phosphorous pentoxide
• Anhydrous Hydrogen Chloride
• Anhydrous Hydrogen Chloride (Ghetto Prep)
• Anhydrous Hydrogen Chloride [ HCl_(aq) + CaCl₂ ]
• Hydrogen Gas
• Chlorine
• Nitrous Oxide

Law Related

• DEA's Suspicious Chemical Orders Task Force
• Special Surveillance List of Chemicals, Products, Materials and Equipment
• Code of Federal Regulations - Schedules of Controlled Substances
• Watched and Listed chemicals in the US
• Buying Chemicals, Glassware and Lab Equipment
• Abstracts from the forensic journal J. Cland. Lab. Invest. Chem. Assoc.
• Yogi Shan's Clandestine Chemistry FAQ
• Clandestine Drug Laboratories
• DEA report on future synthetic drugs of abuse
• Alexander Shulgin elaborates on future drugs of abuse
• Review: Clandestine Drug Synthesis
• Methamphetamine Control Act
• Methamphetamine Control Act FAQ
• Methamphetamine Precursor Chemical Control in the 1990's
• Precursors Frequently used in Clandestine Laboratories by INCB (PDF)
• Drugs and Chemicals of Concern
• Drug Precursor Chemical Control in Canada
• Amphetamine-type Stimulants - A Global Overview (PDF)
• Chemical Diversion and Synthetic Drug Manufacture (PDF)
• Code of Practice for Supply Diversion into Illicit Drug Manufacture (Australia)
• The Control and Monitoring of Drugs and Chemicals to Prevent their Diversion for Illicit Use (Australia)

Controlled Substances and Precursors

• CSA - Canada
• CSA - Canada, with structural diagrams
• CSA - United States (Schedules 1999)
• CSA - United States (Entire Act)
• CSA - United States (Controlled substances and exemptions)
• CSA - Germany
• Grundstoffüberwachungsgesetz (Germany, PDF)
• Regulation on narcotic substances (Iceland)
• Sweden - Controlled Substances
• Norway - Controlled Substances
• Norway - List of herbs and compounds classified as pharmaceuticals
• CSA - Estonia
• Drug precursors subject to EU authorisations
• List I and List II Chemicals (US)
• UN Report INCB/1999/4 on illicit drug precursor trafficking
• UN Report INCB/1998/4 on illicit drug precursor trafficking

Equipment & Lab Technique

• Setup for standard, vacuum and fractional distillation
• All-glass rotary evaporator
• Aspirator vacuum station with no need for running water
• Improvised Overhead Stirrer
• Homemade microgram scale
• Natural pH Indicators
• Digital vacuum gauge
• Build your own high-quality still (PDF)
• Do it yourself buchner funnel (PDF)
• Tips for Safe Parr Hydrogenator Use (PDF)
• A Simple and Easy Quick-Connect System for Condenser Hoses
• How to set up distillation equipment and much more (in German)
• Handling of air- and moisture-sensitive reagents (Aldrich Bulletin)
• Ground Glassware - Sizes and standards (PDF)
• Efficient Kugelrohr Distillation Cooling (PDF)
• Cheaply made Glove Box
• Very detailed distillation setup instructions
• Construction and Selection of Fume Hood Designs (PDF)
• Construction of a Liebig condenser from copper tubing
• How to perform a vacuum filtration
• How to perform extractions and washes with a separatory funnel
• Destruction and neutralization of hazardous lab waste
• Magnetic Stirrer Plans
• How thick is your Aluminum Foil?
• Construction and operation of a catalytic hydrogenation bomb
• Recrystallization Technique
• Basic Lab Skills - Crystallization, Distillation, Extraction, TLC, melting point
• Designing a Chemistry Laboratory (DejaVu Format)
• Constructing a good fume hood (DejaVu Format)
• Scientific Glassblowing, Part 1 (DejaVu Format)
• Scientific Glassblowing, Part 2 (DejaVu Format)
• Description of Equipment and Basic Lab Setups
• The Glassware Gallery - Drawings and Descriptions of Lab Equipment
• Needle Gauge sizes
• Simple Glass to Fancy Glass
• Construction of an Inline Gas Dryer (moisture protection tube)
• Cheap and efficient hydrogenation apparatus
• The Visual Organic Chemistry Laboratory - Lab technique explained in detail with pictures
• Ultra-micro boiling point determination
• Extraction Theory
• Beginners Guide to Soxhlet Extraction (PDF)
• Comprehensive Vacuum Pump FAQ with sections about Vacuum Gauges and Tubing
• Heat sources and heating bath fluids
• Titrating of Organometallic Reagents (such as RLi and t-BuOK)
• Excellent Illustrated Tutorial on Simple & Vacuum Distillations, vacuum bp calculation etc.
• Wine Corks as Stands for Round-Bottomed Flasks
• Recrystallization and Acid/Base Extraction - The Basics
• Condenser Ice-Cooling Setup
• Rotary Evaporators - Theory & Practice
• Parr Hydrogenation Apparatus Manual
• Hydrogen Chloride Gas Generators Associated with Clandestine Drug Labs
• Efficient and Inexpensive Apparatus for Hot Filtration
• Inexpensive Microscale Magnetic Stirrer
• Pump-less Condenser Cooling Water Circulator
• Small Scale Reactor for Ultraviolet Photochemistry
• New Glassware for Small-Scale Distillation
• Microscale Vacuum Distillation Apparatus for Simple Separations
• Design for a Miniature Portable Fume Hood
• Construction of a Compact Steam Distillation Apparatus

Chromatography

• Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) tutorial from Zubrick (DejaVu Format)
• Making TLC Plates from Bulk TLC Silica Gels
• How to Cut TLC Plastic and Aluminum Sheets correctly?
• TLC Tutorial Movie (Quicktime)
• How to perform flash chromatography
• First journal article describing flash chromatography
• Amateur Chromatography and Electrophoresis
• Flash Pad Chromatography - Simple Alternative to Columns
• Dry Column Vacuum Chromatography
• Dry-Column Flash Chromatography
• 'Dry Flash' Column Chromatography
• TLC Mesh Column Chromatography
• Dry-Column Chromatography (High-capacity TLC Derivative Method)
• Detection (Visualization) of TLC Zones
• Manual Microscale Column Chromatography Pressurization Apparatus
• Quantitative & Qualitative TLC Analysis: Digital Image Processing With any Digital Camera (PDF)
• Column Chromatography Tutorial (Microscale)
• Safe and Efficient Flash Chromatography Equipment for the Small Lab

Solvents

• Instructions on how to use drying agents
• Drying Agent Selection Guide
• Drying Agent Data
• Some Common Drying Agents
• Drying of Solvents and Laboratory Chemicals
• Drying solvents with Sodium/Benzophenone
• Miscibility of Common Solvents
• Solvent Miscibility and Polarity
• Solvent recovery of Tetrahydrofuran (PDF)
• Distillation and drying of solvents
• Purification of laboratory solvents
• Azeotrope database
• Physical properties of solvents and other liquids
• NMR Solvents
• Technical Information & Safe Handling Guide for Methanol

Chemical Data

• Calculate the boiling point of liquids under vacuum
• Convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius degrees
• Convert vacuum, pressure, volume and length units
• Convert between different pressure units
• Chemputer - Calculate reaction yields
• HTML Periodic Chart
• Types and properties of hydrofluorocarbons/HFCs and freons/CFCs (PDF)
• Celsius/Fahrenheit Concersion Chart (PDF)
• Common Concentrations of Acids and Bases (weight%, molarity, density)
• Comprehensive pKa table of organic compounds
• Comprehensive pKa table of organic compounds in DMSO (PDF)
• A collection of liquid reagents along with their molarities
• Scientific calculator for chemists with notebook
• Chemical calculator
• Chemical resistance tables for a wide range of materials (PDF)
• Useful Tables for Lab Use - Properties, Units, Solutions, Safety & a Periodic System (PDF)
• Molarity of Concentrated Reagents, Acids & Bases

Multimedia

• Clandestine Chemistry Photo Album
• From Safrole to MDA
• Reductive amination of MDP2P with Al/Hg and Nitromethane
• Bucket Reductive Amination via MethylMan Al/Hg Nitromethane
• Red P/Iodine Reduction of Pseudoephedrine to Methamphetamine
• PCP Synthesis via Enamine Intermediate
• Methylamine from Ammonium Chloride and Formaldehyde
• Illustrated Synthesis of 3,4,5-Trimethoxy-beta-nitrostyrene and 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl-2-nitroethane
• Distillation apparatus setup (Quicktime)
• Vacuum distillation procedure (Windows Media File)
• Organic Laboratory Instructional Video Clips
• The best tribute to The Hive that has ever been seen

Miscellaneous

• OTC Solvents FAQ 1.0
• Extraction FAQ
• An introduction to catalytic transfer hydrogenation
• PTC Oxidation of Alcohols Using Hydrogen Peroxide
• PTC Oxidation of Alcohols Using Hypochlorite
• Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols to Benzaldehydes with NaBr-Oxone
• Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols to Benzaldehydes with DMSO
• General procedure for Collins reagent oxidations
• Psychotomimetic Chemical Weapons
• Technical information on hard gelatin capsules
• Gelatin capsule size chart (PDF)
• General Alkaloid Extraction Doc
• Grignard Reaction Notes
• Grignard Reactions in "Wet" Ether
• Aldehydes from grignard reagents and formic acid salts
• Aldehydes from grignard reagents using 2-(N-Methyl,N-Formylamino)pyridine
• Reduction of Acid Chlorides to Aldehydes using Sodium Borohydride & Pyridine
• Wizard X's Homepage
• The Complete Organic Synthesis online (with structure search engine)
• The Collected Rantings of the alt.drugs.chemistry Legend POPeye
• The Collected Rantings of the alt.drugs.chemistry Legend Eleusis/Zwitterion
• m-Chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) Reaction Handbook (PDF)
• m-Chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) Technical Bulletin (PDF)
• Color test drug identification reference (PDF)
• Comprenhensive organic reduction overview
• Essential Oils in Hundreds of Plants, all Containing Phenylpropene Derivatives
• E-Book: Vogel's Practical Organic Chemistry, 3rd Ed. (DejaVu Format)
• Nickel-on-Charcoal - A dirt cheap Pd/C alternative? (PDF)
• Nickel-on-Charcoal - Improved preparation (PDF)
• A Whirlwind Tour of Current Mitsunobu Chemistry (PDF)
• Aryl Halides to Thiophenols using Thiourea
• Organic Structure Determination Bibliography
• The Watcher's Chemistry Works (Snapshot Jan 2003)
• CTH Removal of N-Benzyl groups
• CTH Removal of N-Benzyl groups
• Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution - Activation, Deactivation and Regioselectivity
• E-Book: 'Hydrogenation Methods' by Paul. N. Rylander (DejaVu Format)
• Synthesis of Methanesulfonate Esters (Mesylates) From Alcohols
• The Biochemistry of Drugs and Poisons (PDF)
• The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Research Monographs
• 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP): One Designer Drug and Serendipity
• Two-Carbon Homologation of Grignard Reagents to Primary Amines
• One-Pot Synthesis of Carbamates: Alkylation of Amines with R-O-Ts/PTC/K₂CO₃/CO₂
• Rapid Reduction of Carbonyl Group to Methylene with PMHS-B(C6F5)3
• Cyanuric Chloride: Converting Carboxylic Acids into Chlorides/Esters/Amides

References

• Lilienthal's Pharmacological and Chemical References
• Large collection of phenethylamine and tryptamine synth refs
• Phenethylamine synthesis patents
• Reduction of Nitrostyrenes to Phenethylamines - Comprehensive Literature Search
• Synthesis of Nitrostyrenes by Condensation of Benzaldehydes with Nitroalkanes
• Neurotransmitter.Net - Great Abstracted Neuropharmacology Archive
• The collected works of hallucinogen researcher Richard A Glennon
• Organic Structure Determination Bibliography
• The Albert Hofmann Collection: LSD & Psilocybin References
• MDMA: A Review of the English-Language Scientific and Medical Literature
• Detection and Analysis of Drugs of Forensic Interest, Literature Review 1992-2001
• Literature Review: Forensic Analysis of GHB, GBL and 1,4-BD

Microwave Chemistry Research

• Microwave Chemistry tips
• Microwave Chemistry FAQ
• Dariusz Bogdall's Microwave Syntheses
• Miscellaneous information on clays
• MW-chem: Preparation of alkyl azides from alkyl bromides
• MW-chem: Reductive amination with NaBH₄
• MW-chem: Reduction of carbonyl compounds with NaBH₄
• MW-chem: Nitroalkene preparation from benzaldehydes (PDF)
• MW-chem: Benzaldehydes from alcohols using MnO2/Silica (PDF)
• MW-chem: Preparation of beta-nitrostyrenes from styrenes
• MW-chem: An introductory overview from New Scientist by Gavin Whittaker
• MW-Chem: Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation
• MW-Chem: Ethers from alcohols and alkyl halides
• MW-chem: Theoretical and mechanistical background (PDF)
• MW-chem: Organic Chemistry Review (PDF)
• MW-chem: Wolff-Kishner reduction of ketones to hydrocarbons (PDF)
• MW-chem: Oxidation of Alcohols to Ketones
• MW-chem: High-yielding Azidation of Primary and Secondary Tosylates
• MW-chem: Solvent-Free Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Inactive Aryl Halides
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