گیاهان موثر در درمان فیبروم رحم چیست
در ادامه بحث درباره گیاهان موثر در درمان فیبروم رحم بعد از گیاه پنج انگشت (ویتاگنوس Agnus castus ) به گیاه خار مریم می رسیم
یکی از مهمترین عوامل در درمان فیبروم رحم به طور طبیعی کاهش وزن (لاغری ) و چربی های موجود در بدن است زیرا استروژون در بافت چربی ذخیره می شود و کاهش بافت چربی باعث کمتر شدن استروژن در بدن زنان شده و از رشد فیبروم جلوگیری می کند
امروزه استروژن بالا را جزو موثرترین عوامل در رشد فیبروم می دانند
استرس های محیطی می تواند میزان ترشح استروژن را در بدن زنان افزایش بدهد به این دلیل داروهای ارمبخش گیاهی می توانند با کاهش استرس باعث کاهش ترشح استروژون در زنان بشوند
گیاهانی هستند که با کاهش اثرات استروژون بر روی رحم باعث کوچک شدن فیبروم رحمی می شوند
گیاه خار مریم
مکانیسم اثرات گیاه خار مریم در درمان فیبروم رحم چیست
برای کاهش میزان استروژن در بدن زنان می توان سرعت انهدام استروژن را بالا برد و کبد را واداشت که میزان بیشتری از استروژن را از خون پاک کند و یا اینکه می توان در چرخه متابولیسم استروژن ایجاد خلل کرد
نگرشی به متابولیسم استروژن و اثر عصاره خار مریم در درمان فیبروم رحم
استروژن توسط کبد جذب می شود
استروژن توسط یک انزیم از زیر گروه پی 450 تبدیل به متابولیت اول بعد متابولیت دوم بعد متابولیت سوم و بعد دفع می شود
عصاره خار مریم باعث مهار انزیم ها در تبدیل متابولیت اول به دوم می شوند و این عمل باعث افزایش ماده ای می شود که اثرات مهاری بر روی اثرات استروژن بر روی رحم و تخمدان ها دارد
گیاه خار مریم
گیاه خار مریم، قرن هاست که برای درمان بیماری های متعددی به کار گرفته می شود این گیاه که بومی خاورمیانه، اروپا و آمریکای شمالی است سال هاست که برای درمان بیماری مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. به نوشته سایت «ehow» این گیاه در کاهش علایم پیری بسیار موثر است و نقش مهمی در سم زدایی از بدن و به ویژه کبد دارد.
● خواص خار مریم:
این گیاه که یک نوع آنتی اکسیدان قوی است، از بدن در برابر آسیب های سلولی ایجاد شده از رادیکال های آزاد محافظت می کند.
ماده ای به نام گلوتاتیون(Glutathione) موجود در این گیاه نقش عمده ای در سم زدایی کبد ایفا می کند.
خار مریم از ایجاد سنگ صفرا پیش گیری و بیماری را درمان می کند.
این گیاه، در مقابله با سرطان پروستات، رحم و سینه موثر است و رشد سلول های سرطانی را نیز کاهش می دهد.
این گیاه اثربخشی داروهای مربوط به شیمی درمانی را نیز افزایش می دهد.
مقاومت انسولین در بیمارانی که از دیابت نوع ۲ رنج می برند را کاهش می دهد.
خار مریم، در کاهش میزان کلسترول خون موثر است و کلسترول مفید را نیز افزایش می دهد.
در صورت مسمومیت با قارچ که می تواند به کبد آسیب برساند خوردن خارمریم ۱۰ دقیقه پس از مصرف قارچ، اثر سموم را از بین می برد. استعمال عصاره خارمریم در عرض ۴۸ ساعت پس از مسمومیت بر اثر مصرف قارچ مانع از کار افتادن کبد و مرگ حتمی می شود.
Is it safe?
Adverse events
Orally milk thistle is usually well-tolerated 2,3,30. The rate of adverse events of milk thistle was low in clinical trials and in one randomized controlled trial equal to the placebo group 9-11,31-36. Described adverse effects were difficult to distinguish from symptoms of the underlying condition. In rare cases there were complaints of intestinal symptoms, headache and dizziness 2,10,31,33. In a phase I trial in which high doses of silybin phytosome (up to 20g) were given mild transient elevation of bilirubin, and the liver enzymes aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase (AST and ALT) were reported 37. One participant receiving high dose silybin phytosome who subsequently had surgery developed a thrombo-embolism: this could have been due to the surgery 10.
Contraindications
Milk thistle has been assessed as likely safe when used orally and appropriately 2. There is insufficient information to assess safety in pregnancy and lactation 2.
Interactions
Milk thistle extract might work as an inhibitor of CYP2C9 2,6,36. There is contradictory evidence about the effect of milk thistle on CYP3A4 2,29,35. A phase II clinical trial of 600mg silymarin in cancer patients found no in vivo effect on irinotecan, CYP34A or UGT1A1 pharmacokinetics 35.
Warnings
In an animal experiment and in an experiment with an oestrogen responsive breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) a tumour growth was seen when adding silymarin 3. This raises the theoretical risk silymarin could have an oestrogen-like action in women with oestrogen-responsive breast cancer. However the more commonly used milk thistle seed extracts are not known to have oestrogenic effects in vivo 2 ,8. Cautions have been recommended in patients with a known hypersensitivity to plants in the Asteraceae family
Estrogen Metabolism
Estradiol (E2) is the principal and most active estrogen circulating inside our body, and its breakdown, like many other steriodal hormones, occurs in the liver. The half-life of estradiol (E2) is about 3 hours. There are multiple pathways that convert E2 to metabolites that have widely different biological activities.
Estrone is the second most potent estrogen in circulation. It is easily converted back and forth from estradiol through enzymatic reactions. Both estrone and estradiol are metabolized by a process called hydroxylation. Some of the hydroxylated products are converted into estriol ( E3), while others are further broken down and secreted out the body. E3 is further conjugated in the liver and excreted in the urine.
Normal pre-menopausal women produce several hundred micrograms of estradiol every day. Some of this estradiol find its way to binding with the nuclei in a wide variety of tissues, resulting in genetic transcription as well as cellular division. While the production of estrogen is going on, a similar amount of estradiol is removed from the body, primarily in the liver. This on going production and destruction process results in a constant balance of estradiol in our body.
Since the metabolites are estrogen derivatives, they all possess estrogenic properties in varying degrees, as they are all part of the estrogen family. The degree of the hydroxylation (either through the two-hydroxylation or sixteen alpha-hydroxylation process) provides an indication of the metabolite’s estrogenic potency.
Metabolites such as 2-(OH)-estrone or 2-(OH)-estradiol are considered good estrogen. They are derived from hydroxylation of estrone and are the most prevalent metabolite of estradiol and estrone. These good estrogens are present in decreased level in people who are obese and in women who are on a diet high in animal fat . These good estrogens can be increased by consistent moderate exercise, a diet high in protein and low in fat, and by the consumption of food containing indol-3-carbinol such as cabbage and broccoli. In addition to being good estrogens, both 2-(OH)-estrone and 2-(OH)-estradiol have been found to be powerful anti-oxidants and can protect the lipid proxidation process by circulating iron molecules.
Another metabolite of estrone is called the 16 alpha-(OH) estrone. This is called the genotoxic form of estrogen or “bad” estrogen . It has been shown to be more potent than estradiol. Due to its ability to combine with estrogen receptors and transforming the nuclei to synthesize DNA, the risk of breast cancer is increased significantly. For this reason, it is also called the transforming estrogen. Another bad metabolite is 4-(OH)-estrone. This is a free radical generator and its role as far as being a “bad estrogen” is still under intense investigation.
It should be clear that just as there are good and bad cholesterols, we have good and bad estrogens. 2-(OH)-estrone is considered good, being a potent anti-oxidant and has anti-cancer properties 4-(OH)-estrone as well as 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone are considered bad, being free radical generators and at high level they are considered to be important indicators of cancer risk. The ideal ratio of 2-(OH)-estrone to 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone as measured in the urine is 2.0 or more.
Studies have shown that 73% of breast cancer patients have a ratio below 2.0. In other words, their 16-alpha- (OH) estrone level is high compared to the 2-(OH)-estrone. Studies have also shown that women 35 years and older with breast cancer have 2-(OH)-estrone to 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone ratio that is lower than control groups. Those women with the lowest ratio have a 30% greater chance of developing breast cancer compared to the highest 2/3. The ratio of 2-(OH)-estrone to 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone is significant and is an important predictive indicator of breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Fortunately both levels can be measured in the urine.
In summary, estrogen is metabolized in the liver. Herbs that fortify the liver will speed up estrogen clearance from the body. Estrogen that is not metabolized by the liver will continue to circulate and exert it.
The most impressive research has been done on a special extract of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) known as silymarin, a group of flavonoids compounds. These compounds protect the liver from damage and enhance the detoxification process .
Silymarin prevents damage to the liver by acting as an antioxidant. It is much more effective than vitamin E and vitamin C. Numerous research studies have demonstrated its protective effect on the liver. Extremely toxic chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride, amanita toxin, galactosamine and praseodymium nitrate produce experimental liver damage in animals. Silymarin has been shown to protect the liver against these toxins.
Silymarin also works by preventing the depletion of glutathione. The higher the glutathione content, the greater the liver’s capacity to detoxify harmful chemicals. Moreover, silymarin has been shown to increase the level of glutathione by up to 35 %. In human studies, silymarin has been shown to exhibit positive effects in treating liver diseases of various kinds including cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, fatty infiltration of the liver, and inflammation of the bile duct. The common dosage for silymarin is 70 to 200 mg one to three times a day.
In addition,
avoid caffeine, alcohol and medications that interfere with the liver’s detoxification mechanism
گیاهان موثر در درمان فیبروم رحم چیست
در ادامه بحث درباره گیاهان موثر در درمان فیبروم رحم بعد از گیاه پنج انگشت (ویتاگنوس Agnus castus ) به گیاه خار مریم می رسیم
یکی از مهمترین عوامل در درمان فیبروم رحم به طور طبیعی کاهش وزن (لاغری ) و چربی های موجود در بدن است زیرا استروژون در بافت چربی ذخیره می شود و کاهش بافت چربی باعث کمتر شدن استروژن در بدن زنان شده و از رشد فیبروم جلوگیری می کند
امروزه استروژن بالا را جزو موثرترین عوامل در رشد فیبروم می دانند
استرس های محیطی می تواند میزان ترشح استروژن را در بدن زنان افزایش بدهد به این دلیل داروهای ارمبخش گیاهی می توانند با کاهش استرس باعث کاهش ترشح استروژون در زنان بشوند
گیاهانی هستند که با کاهش اثرات استروژون بر روی رحم باعث کوچک شدن فیبروم رحم می شوند
گیاه خار مریم
مکانیسم اثرات گیاه خار مریم در درمان فیبروم رحم چیست
برای کاهش میزان استروژن در بدن زنان می توان سرعت انهدام استروژن را بالا برد و کبد را واداشت که میزان بیشتری از استروژن را از خون پاک کند و یا اینکه می توان در چرخه متابولیسم استروژن ایجاد خلل کرد
نگرشی به متابولیسم استروژن و اثر عصاره خار مریم در درمان فیبروم رحم
استروژن توسط کبد جذب می شود
استروژن توسط یک انزیم از زیر گروه پی 450 تبدیل به متابولیت اول بعد متابولیت دوم بعد متابولیت سوم و بعد دفع می شود
عصاره خار مریم باعث مهار انزیم ها در تبدیل متابولیت اول به دوم می شوند و این عمل باعث افزایش ماده ای می شود که اثرات مهاری بر روی اثرات استروژن بر روی رحم و تخمدان ها دارد
گیاه خار مریم
گیاه خار مریم، قرن هاست که برای درمان بیماری های متعددی به کار گرفته می شود این گیاه که بومی خاورمیانه، اروپا و آمریکای شمالی است سال هاست که برای درمان بیماری مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. به نوشته سایت «ehow» این گیاه در کاهش علایم پیری بسیار موثر است و نقش مهمی در سم زدایی از بدن و به ویژه کبد دارد.
● خواص خار مریم:
این گیاه که یک نوع آنتی اکسیدان قوی است، از بدن در برابر آسیب های سلولی ایجاد شده از رادیکال های آزاد محافظت می کند.
ماده ای به نام گلوتاتیون(Glutathione) موجود در این گیاه نقش عمده ای در سم زدایی کبد ایفا می کند.
خار مریم از ایجاد سنگ صفرا پیش گیری و بیماری را درمان می کند.
این گیاه، در مقابله با سرطان پروستات، رحم و سینه موثر است و رشد سلول های سرطانی را نیز کاهش می دهد.
این گیاه اثربخشی داروهای مربوط به شیمی درمانی را نیز افزایش می دهد.
مقاومت انسولین در بیمارانی که از دیابت نوع ۲ رنج می برند را کاهش می دهد.
خار مریم، در کاهش میزان کلسترول خون موثر است و کلسترول مفید را نیز افزایش می دهد.
در صورت مسمومیت با قارچ که می تواند به کبد آسیب برساند خوردن خارمریم ۱۰ دقیقه پس از مصرف قارچ، اثر سموم را از بین می برد. استعمال عصاره خارمریم در عرض ۴۸ ساعت پس از مسمومیت بر اثر مصرف قارچ مانع از کار افتادن کبد و مرگ حتمی می شود.
Is it safe?
Adverse events
Orally milk thistle is usually well-tolerated 2,3,30. The rate of adverse events of milk thistle was low in clinical trials and in one randomized controlled trial equal to the placebo group 9-11,31-36. Described adverse effects were difficult to distinguish from symptoms of the underlying condition. In rare cases there were complaints of intestinal symptoms, headache and dizziness 2,10,31,33. In a phase I trial in which high doses of silybin phytosome (up to 20g) were given mild transient elevation of bilirubin, and the liver enzymes aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase (AST and ALT) were reported 37. One participant receiving high dose silybin phytosome who subsequently had surgery developed a thrombo-embolism: this could have been due to the surgery 10.
Contraindications
Milk thistle has been assessed as likely safe when used orally and appropriately 2. There is insufficient information to assess safety in pregnancy and lactation 2.
Interactions
Milk thistle extract might work as an inhibitor of CYP2C9 2,6,36. There is contradictory evidence about the effect of milk thistle on CYP3A4 2,29,35. A phase II clinical trial of 600mg silymarin in cancer patients found no in vivo effect on irinotecan, CYP34A or UGT1A1 pharmacokinetics 35.
Warnings
In an animal experiment and in an experiment with an oestrogen responsive breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) a tumour growth was seen when adding silymarin 3. This raises the theoretical risk silymarin could have an oestrogen-like action in women with oestrogen-responsive breast cancer. However the more commonly used milk thistle seed extracts are not known to have oestrogenic effects in vivo 2 ,8. Cautions have been recommended in patients with a known hypersensitivity to plants in the Asteraceae family
Estrogen Metabolism
Estradiol (E2) is the principal and most active estrogen circulating inside our body, and its breakdown, like many other steriodal hormones, occurs in the liver. The half-life of estradiol (E2) is about 3 hours. There are multiple pathways that convert E2 to metabolites that have widely different biological activities.
Estrone is the second most potent estrogen in circulation. It is easily converted back and forth from estradiol through enzymatic reactions. Both estrone and estradiol are metabolized by a process called hydroxylation. Some of the hydroxylated products are converted into estriol ( E3), while others are further broken down and secreted out the body. E3 is further conjugated in the liver and excreted in the urine.
Normal pre-menopausal women produce several hundred micrograms of estradiol every day. Some of this estradiol find its way to binding with the nuclei in a wide variety of tissues, resulting in genetic transcription as well as cellular division. While the production of estrogen is going on, a similar amount of estradiol is removed from the body, primarily in the liver. This on going production and destruction process results in a constant balance of estradiol in our body.
Since the metabolites are estrogen derivatives, they all possess estrogenic properties in varying degrees, as they are all part of the estrogen family. The degree of the hydroxylation (either through the two-hydroxylation or sixteen alpha-hydroxylation process) provides an indication of the metabolite’s estrogenic potency.
Metabolites such as 2-(OH)-estrone or 2-(OH)-estradiol are considered good estrogen. They are derived from hydroxylation of estrone and are the most prevalent metabolite of estradiol and estrone. These good estrogens are present in decreased level in people who are obese and in women who are on a diet high in animal fat . These good estrogens can be increased by consistent moderate exercise, a diet high in protein and low in fat, and by the consumption of food containing indol-3-carbinol such as cabbage and broccoli. In addition to being good estrogens, both 2-(OH)-estrone and 2-(OH)-estradiol have been found to be powerful anti-oxidants and can protect the lipid proxidation process by circulating iron molecules.
Another metabolite of estrone is called the 16 alpha-(OH) estrone. This is called the genotoxic form of estrogen or “bad” estrogen . It has been shown to be more potent than estradiol. Due to its ability to combine with estrogen receptors and transforming the nuclei to synthesize DNA, the risk of breast cancer is increased significantly. For this reason, it is also called the transforming estrogen. Another bad metabolite is 4-(OH)-estrone. This is a free radical generator and its role as far as being a “bad estrogen” is still under intense investigation.
It should be clear that just as there are good and bad cholesterols, we have good and bad estrogens. 2-(OH)-estrone is considered good, being a potent anti-oxidant and has anti-cancer properties 4-(OH)-estrone as well as 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone are considered bad, being free radical generators and at high level they are considered to be important indicators of cancer risk. The ideal ratio of 2-(OH)-estrone to 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone as measured in the urine is 2.0 or more.
Studies have shown that 73% of breast cancer patients have a ratio below 2.0. In other words, their 16-alpha- (OH) estrone level is high compared to the 2-(OH)-estrone. Studies have also shown that women 35 years and older with breast cancer have 2-(OH)-estrone to 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone ratio that is lower than control groups. Those women with the lowest ratio have a 30% greater chance of developing breast cancer compared to the highest 2/3. The ratio of 2-(OH)-estrone to 16-alpha-(OH)-estrone is significant and is an important predictive indicator of breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Fortunately both levels can be measured in the urine.
In summary, estrogen is metabolized in the liver. Herbs that fortify the liver will speed up estrogen clearance from the body. Estrogen that is not metabolized by the liver will continue to circulate and exert it.
The most impressive research has been done on a special extract of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) known as silymarin, a group of flavonoids compounds. These compounds protect the liver from damage and enhance the detoxification process .
Silymarin prevents damage to the liver by acting as an antioxidant. It is much more effective than vitamin E and vitamin C. Numerous research studies have demonstrated its protective effect on the liver. Extremely toxic chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride, amanita toxin, galactosamine and praseodymium nitrate produce experimental liver damage in animals. Silymarin has been shown to protect the liver against these toxins.
Silymarin also works by preventing the depletion of glutathione. The higher the glutathione content, the greater the liver’s capacity to detoxify harmful chemicals. Moreover, silymarin has been shown to increase the level of glutathione by up to 35 %. In human studies, silymarin has been shown to exhibit positive effects in treating liver diseases of various kinds including cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, fatty infiltration of the liver, and inflammation of the bile duct. The common dosage for silymarin is 70 to 200 mg one to three times a day.
In addition, avoid caffeine, alcohol and medications that interfere with the liver’s detoxification mechanism
Human CYP1B1 Is Regulated by Estradiol via Estrogen ...
Human CYP1B1 Is Regulated by Estradiol via Estrogen Receptor
The ligands of estrogen receptor α regulate cytochrome P4502C9 (CYP2C9) expression
Estrogenic effects of silymarin in ovariectomized rats
تمشک قرمز و کوهوش سیاه
