2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (abbreviated DMPS) and its sodium salt (known as Unithiol) are chelating agents that form complexes with various heavy metals. They are related to dimercaprol, which is another chelating agent.
The synthesis of DMPS was first reported in 1956 by V. E. Petrunkin.[The effects of DMPS on heavy metal poisoning, including with polonium-210, were investigated in the following years. DMPS was found to have some protective effect, prolonging the survival time.
A study was undertaken of DMPS use by workers involved in the production of a calomel skin bleaching lotion and in direct contact with mercurous chloride
and that already showed elevated urine mercury levels. The sodium salt
of DMPS was found to be effective in lowering the body burden of mercury
and in decreasing the urinary mercury concentration to normal levels
DMPS administrated to a mercury poisoned animal model failed to
remove the mercury from tissues and reduce the inorganic mercury burden
in the brain. A 2008 study reported a case of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS), a potentially serious disease, in a child undergoing chelation therapy with DMPS; the SJS resolved gradually after the chelation therapy was stopped
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